The Postal Service introduces new service standards: What it means for your ZIP code

October 22, 2024

The Postal Service has filed a proposal with the Postal Regulatory Commission to revise the service standards for First Class Mail and other market-dominant products.

Under a new initiative called Regional Transportation Optimization (RTO), the mail at any post office more than 50 miles from one of the country’s 59 Regional Processing and Distribution Centers (RPDCs) will no longer be collected at the end of the day. It will instead be collected the next morning, when the mail is dropped off at the post office for carrier delivery. In most cases, that will add a day to the current service standard.

More than 24,300 of the country's 33,700 post offices will be subject to the RTO initiative. Almost half the country's population live in areas that will be impacted by RTO. Most of those areas are rural, as discussed in this previous post.

Under the proposal, delivery times for presort mail, as well as single-piece mail sent from within 50 miles of a RPDC, will remain the same or, in some cases, improve by a day.

The Postal Service will eventually make available an online lookup tool that allows one to find the service standard for any origin ZIP code to destination ZIP code. That may be months away, however. In the meantime, one can find the proposed service standard for First Class mail for any 5-digit ZIP code and 3-digit destination using this Service Standard Finder. It's definitely not official, but it's based on data shared by the USPS with the PRC a couple of weeks ago.

Finding the service standard takes two steps. First, enter the origin 5-digit ZIP in the search box (and hit "enter" or "return" on your computer). The Finder will indicate if it's an RTO office or not, and it will provide the first three digits for the RPDC.

Second, enter the RPDC ZIP3 and the 3-digit ZIP for the destination in the form 000-000. (The Finder will only show results if the first ZIP in the pair is for an RPDC; don't use the ZIP3 for the origin post office.)

The Finder will show the service standard for both non-RTO post offices and RTO offices. The non-RTO standard applies to all presort First Class Mail sent within the RPDC region and to single-piece sent from within 50 miles of an RPDC. The RTO standard applies to all single-piece mail sent from outside 50 miles of the RPDC.

Note that there are some RTO post offices for which local mail will take 2 days rather than 3, as explained below (see Exceptions).

Service Standard Finder

ZIPRTORPDC
01001NO011

oRPDC-dZIP3Current SSNew SS
RTO NO
New SS
RTO YES
871-813223

Mapping service standards

To assist mailers, the Postal Service provides maps on its Postal Pro website showing the service standard for each 3-digit ZIP code. The Postal Service will eventually provide similar maps for the new service standards being proposed. In the meantime, here's a set of maps for mail originating in Pasco, Washington, ZIP 99301.

The first map (Pre-DFA) shows the service standards from before October 2021. At the time, there was a 2-day standard for local mail, and the rest of the country fell under a 3-day standard. In October 2021, the Postal Service revised the standards — one of the first initiatives of the Delivering for America plan — and most of the 3-day band became 4-day and 5-day, as seen in the "Current" map.

Pasco is 141 miles from the RPDC in Spokane, so it falls under the RTO initiative. In the map for presort mail, the bands for 2, 3 and 4-day mail will each expand, and the 5-day band will become smaller. For single-piece mail, the 2-day band will become 3, the 3-day will become 4, and the 4-day will become 5.

The presort map also applies to all the post offices within 50 miles of the Seattle RPDC (non-RTO). The single-piece map applies to all the offices outside of the 50 mile radius (RTO).

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Another way to view the scope of the proposed changes is by examining the distribution of origin-destination (OD) pairs by service standards. This chart shows the percent of OD pairs for each service standard. Before DFA, over 90 percent of the OD pairs were subject to a 3-day standard. With DFA, the number of 2-day pairs decreased, and about half of the 3-day pairs became 4-day and 5-day.

Under the proposal, the percent of 2-day pairs will increase for non-RTO offices, and the number of 5-day pairs will decrease. For the RTO offices, on the other hand, over 90 percent of the OD pairs will be subject to a 4-day and 5-day standard.

How the service standards are determined

The new service standards are based on three legs — collection, network, and delivery.

The key factor for the collection leg — post office to Local Processing Center — is whether or not the originating post office is subject to RTO according to the 50-mile radius.

The Postal Service has shared a list of ZIP codes, distances between post offices and RPDCs, and whether or not the post office is RTO in library reference USPS-LR-N2024-1-1.

This map from a USPS presentation shows the non-RTO areas in yellow and the RTO areas in blue. Interactive versions of this map are available here.

For presort mail and non-RTO single-piece mail, the calculation adds 0 days to the standard. For RTO single-piece, the calculation adds 1 day to the standard.

The network leg includes the origin RPDC (oRPDC), the destination RPDC (dRPDC), and the destination Local Processing Center (dLPC). The service standard for the network leg is 2 to 5 days, depending on the length of the trip from oRPDC to dLPC.

For Leg 3, from dLPC to post office, no additional days are added, since the mail leaves the LPC on the same day it’s delivered.

The service standard is the sum of the days for Leg 1 and Leg 2, with a maximum of 5 days. Here's a diagram of the three legs from the Postal Service's testimony for the advisory opinion.

While most single-piece mail originating in RTO offices will slow down by a day, some of the presort and non-RTO mail will see an upgrade. That's because the travel time between oRPDC and dLPC will speed up since processing centers won't have to wait for the collection mail to arrive from all those post offices more than 50 miles from the RPDC.

Here's a table showing the current bands and proposed bands for each service standard. The proposed band for mail with a 2-day standard will expand from 3 hours to 7 hours. This explains why the size of the 2-day area in the Pasco map will more than double compared to the current map. Each of the other bands is also extended by four hours, but with less obvious results. (The data for the current transit time and distance come from a fact sheet on the 2021 service standard changes. The transit time for the proposed standards come from USPS testimony; the distances are based on 46.5 mph, as in the current calculations.)
Service
Standard
Current
Transit
Hours
Proposed
Transit
Hours
Current
Distance
Miles
Proposed
Distance
Miles
2 Day3 or less7 or less139 or less324 or less
3 Day3 - 20 7 - 24 140 - 930325 - 1,116
4 Day20 - 41 24 - 45 931 - 1,9071,117 - 2,093
5 Day41 or more45 or more1,909 or more2,093 or more

RPDCs and LPCs

One of the key elements of the Postal Service's transformation of the network is the creation of RPDC regions. The RPDCs handle all the outgoing mail for the region (inter-RPDC) and usually the mail that's staying within the region (turnaround). The Local Processing Centers handle the mail from the RPDC that's going out to local post offices. In a few cases, however, mail will stay within the LPC service area and not go to the RPDC for processing.

Each RPDC region, then, consists of one RPDC and one or more LPCs. There are 59 RPDCs and about 197 LPCs. In 26 cases, the LPC is co-located with the RPDC in the same facility. The Postal Service has shared with the PRC a list of the RPDCs and LPCs in library reference USPS-LR-N2024-1-2. The following list adds the addresses.

RPDCLPCTYPEADDRESSCITYSTATEZIPRPDC-LPC MILES
ALBUQUERQUE NM P&DCALBUQUERQUE NM P&DCRPDC/LPC1135 BROADWAY BLVD NEALBUQUERQUENM871010
ALBUQUERQUE NM P&DCEL PASO TX P&DCLPC8401 BOEING DREL PASOTX79910273.6
AMARILLO TX P&DCAMARILLO TX P&DCRPDC/LPC2301 ROSS STAMARILLOTX791200
AMARILLO TX P&DCLUBBOCK TX P&DCLPC1515 CRICKETS AVELUBBOCKTX79402123.3
AMARILLO TX P&DCMIDLAND TX P&DCLPC10000 LOOP 40MIDLANDTX79711251.1
Atlanta PalmettoRPDC600 PALMETTO LOGISTICS PARKWAY PALMETTOGA30268
Atlanta PalmettoATLANTA GA P&DCLPC3900 CROWN RD SWATLANTAGA3030419.7
Atlanta PalmettoAUGUSTA GA P&DCLPC525 8TH STAUGUSTAGA30901168.4
Atlanta PalmettoMACON GA P&DCLPC451 COLLEGE STMACONGA3121392.9
Atlanta PalmettoNORTH METRO GA P&DCLPC1605 BOGGS RDDULUTHGA3009653.3
BATON ROUGE LA P&DCBATON ROUGE LA P&DCRPDC/LPC8101 BLUEBONNET BLVDBATON ROUGELA708100
BATON ROUGE LA P&DCJACKSON MS P&DCLPC401 E SOUTH STJACKSONMS39201171.7
BATON ROUGE LA P&DCLAFAYETTE LA P&DCLPC1105 MOSS STLAFAYETTELA7050164.2
BATON ROUGE LA P&DCNEW ORLEANS LA P&DCLPC701 LOYOLA AVENEW ORLEANSLA7011374.7
BETHPAGE NY P&DCRPDC288 GRUMMAN RD WBETHPAGENY11714
BETHPAGE NY P&DCBROOKLYN NY P&DCLPC1050 FORBELL ST RM 2005BROOKLYNNY1125634.7
BETHPAGE NY P&DCMID-ISLAND NY P&DCLPC160 DURYEA RDMELVILLENY117479.8
BETHPAGE NY P&DCWEST NASSAU NY P&DCLPC830 STEWART AVEGARDEN CITYNY115999
BILLINGS MT P&DCBILLINGS MT P&DCRPDC/LPC841 S 26TH STBILLINGSMT591010
BILLINGS MT P&DCCASPER WY MPFLPC411 N FOREST DRCASPERWY82609278.5
BILLINGS MT P&DCGREAT FALLS MT P&DFLPC1409 14TH ST SWGREAT FALLSMT59404226.2
BILLINGS MT P&DCRAPID CITY SD MPFLPC500 EAST BLVDRAPID CITYSD57701373.6
BOISE ID P&DCBOISE ID P&DCRPDC/LPC2201 S COLE RDBOISEID837080
BOISE ID P&DCPOCATELLO ID P&DFLPC1750 FLANDRO DRPOCATELLOID83202234.1
BOSTON MA P&DCBOSTON MA P&DCRPDC/LPC25 DORCHESTER AVE RM 4025BBOSTONMA022050
BOSTON MA P&DCBROCKTON MA P&DCLPC225 LIBERTY ST RM 234BROCKTONMA0230124
BOSTON MA P&DCMANCHESTER NH P&DCLPC955 GOFFS FALLS RD STE 997MANCHESTERNH0310351.5
BOSTON MA P&DCPROVIDENCE RI P&DCLPC24 CORLISS ST REAR DOCKPROVIDENCERI0290448.2
Brookville IndyBrookville IndyRPDC/LPC5565 BROOKVILLE RDINDIANAPOLISIN462190
Brookville IndyFT WAYNE IN P&DCLPC1501 S CLINTON STFORT WAYNEIN46802131.1
CHICAGO NDCRPDC7500 ROOSEVELT RDFOREST PARKIL60130
CHICAGO NDCCHAMPAIGN IL P&DCLPC2001 N MATTIS AVECHAMPAIGNIL61821137.2
CHICAGO NDCCHICAGO IL P&DCLPC433 W HARRISON ST STE 3012ACHICAGOIL6069910.1
CHICAGO NDCGARY IN P&DCLPC1499 MARTIN LUTHER KING DRGARYIN4640142.9
CHICAGO NDCSOUTH SUBURBAN IL P&DCLPC6801 W 73RD STBEDFORD PARKIL604998.8
CHICAGO NDCPEORIA IL P&DCLPC95 STATE STPEORIAIL61601161.1
CHICAGO NDCFOX VALLEY IL P&DCLPC3900 GABRIELLE LNFOX VALLEYIL6059927.9
CHICAGO NDCPALATINE IL P&DCLPC1300 E NORTHWEST HWYPALATINEIL6009527
CHICAGO NDCCAROL STREAM IL P&DCLPC500 FULLERTON AVECAROL STREAMIL6019921.4
CINCINNATI NDCRPDC3055 CRESCENTVILLE RDCINCINNATIOH45235
CINCINNATI NDCCINCINNATI OH P&DCLPC1591 DALTON AVECINCINNATIOH4523419.5
CINCINNATI NDCCOLUMBUS OH P&DCLPC2323 CITYGATE DRCOLUMBUSOH43218111.2
CINCINNATI NDCDAYTON OH P&DCLPC1111 E 5TH STDAYTONOH4540140.5
CLEVELAND OH PSARPDC5520 CHEVROLET BLVD STE 100CLEVELANDOH44130
CLEVELAND OH PSACLEVELAND OH P&DCLPC2400 ORANGE AVE RM 30CLEVELANDOH4410113.3
CLEVELAND OH PSAAKRON OH P&DCLPC675 WOLF LEDGES PKWY RM 114AKRONOH4430939.4
CLEVELAND OH PSAYOUNGSTOWN OH P&DFLPC99 S WALNUT ST RM 289YOUNGSTOWNOH4450175.9
COLUMBIA SC P&DCCOLUMBIA SC P&DCRPDC/LPC2001 DIXIANA RDCOLUMBIASC292920
COLUMBIA SC P&DCCHARLESTON SC P&DCLPC7075 CROSS COUNTY RDNORTH CHARLESTONSC2941899.4
Core 5 at MiddletonRPDC3327 E. Harrisburg PikeMiddletownPA17057
Core 5 at MiddletonHARRISBURG PA P&DCLPC1425 CROOKED HILL RDHARRISBURGPA1710715.1
Core 5 at MiddletonLEHIGH VALLEY PA P&DCLPC17 S COMMERCE WAYBETHLEHEMPA1801797.1
Core 5 at MiddletonSCRANTON PA P&DCLPC2800 STAFFORD AVESCRANTONPA18505126.3
DALLAS NDCRPDC2400 DALLAS FT WORTH TPKEDALLASTX75398
DALLAS NDCABILENE TX P&DFLPC1020 E OVERLAND TRLABILENETX79601182.8
DALLAS NDCDALLAS TX P&DCLPC401 TOM LANDRY HWYDALLASTX752603.3
DALLAS NDCFT WORTH TX P&DCLPC4600 MARK IV PKWYFORT WORTHTX7616133.9
DALLAS NDCNORTH TEXAS TX P&DCLPC951 W BETHEL RDCOPPELLTX7509921.8
DALLAS NDCSHREVEPORT LA P&DCLPC2400 TEXAS AVESHREVEPORTLA71102188.3
DENVER NDCRPDC7755 E 56TH AVEDENVERCO80266
DENVER NDCCHEYENNE WY P&DCLPC4800 CONVERSE AVECHEYENNEWY82009106.2
DENVER NDCCOLORADO SPRINGS CO P&DCLPC3655 E FOUNTAIN BLVDCOLORADO SPRINGSCO8091079.3
DENVER NDCDENVER CO P&DCLPC7540 E 53RD PLDENVERCO802667.7
DENVER NDCGRAND JUNCTION CO MPFLPC602 BURKEY STGRAND JUNCTIONCO81505255.8
DENVER NDCNORTH PLATTE NE MPFLPC1302 INDUSTRIAL AVENORTH PLATTENE69101262.2
DES MOINES NDCRPDC4000 109TH STDES MOINESIA50395
DES MOINES NDCCEDAR RAPIDS IA P&DCLPC615 6TH AVE SECEDAR RAPIDSIA52401134.2
DES MOINES NDCDES MOINES IA P&DCLPC1165 2ND AVEDES MOINESIA5031812.3
DES MOINES NDCQUAD CITIES IL P&DCLPC7700 68TH STMILANIL61264183.7
DES MOINES NDCWATERLOO IA P&DFLPC300 SYCAMORE STWATERLOOIA50701133.3
DETROIT NDCRPDC17500 OAKWOOD BLVDALLEN PARKMI48101
DETROIT NDCDETROIT MI P&DCLPC1401 W FORT ST RM 1022DETROITMI4823312.2
DETROIT NDCMICHIGAN METROPLEX MI P&DCLPC711 N GLENWOOD AVEPONTIACMI4834029.9
DETROIT NDCTOLEDO OH P&DFLPC435 S SAINT CLAIR STTOLEDOOH4360153.9
FARGO ND P&DFFARGO ND P&DFRPDC/LPC657 2ND AVE N RM 104FARGOND581020
FARGO ND P&DFBISMARCK ND P&DFLPC2220 E BISMARCK EXPY RM 212BISMARCKND58504192.8
FARGO ND P&DFCENTRAL DAKOTA P&DFLPC355 15TH ST NWHURONSD57399238.3
FARGO ND P&DFGRAND FORKS ND MPFLPC2501 28TH AVE SGRAND FORKSND5820176.3
Gastonia ScalybarkRPDC524 SCALYBARK RDGASTONIANC28054
Gastonia ScalybarkGREENVILLE SC P&DCLPC204 FAIRFOREST WAYGREENVILLESC2960780.2
Gastonia ScalybarkJOHNSON CITY TN P&DCLPC530 E MAIN STJOHNSON CITYTN37601130.2
Gastonia ScalybarkMID CAROLINA NC P&DCLPC1820 W POINTE DR STE ACHARLOTTENC2821410.6
GRAND RAPIDS MI P&DCGRAND RAPIDS MI P&DCRPDC/LPC225 MICHIGAN ST NWGRAND RAPIDSMI495010
GRAND RAPIDS MI P&DCLANSING MI P&DCLPC4800 COLLINS RDLANSINGMI4892474.1
GRAND RAPIDS MI P&DCSOUTH BEND IN P&DCLPC424 S MICHIGAN STSOUTH BENDIN46601117.7
GRAND RAPIDS MI P&DCTRAVERSE CITY MI P&DCLPC1801 GARFIELD RD NTRAVERSE CITYMI49696146.2
GREEN BAY WI P&DCGREEN BAY WI P&DCRPDC/LPC300 PACKERLAND DRGREEN BAYWI543030
GREEN BAY WI P&DCKINGSFORD MI MPFLPC700 W BREITUNG AVEKINGSFORDMI49802104.6
GREENSBORO NDCRPDC3701 W WENDOVER AVEGREENSBORONC27495
GREENSBORO NDCFAYETTEVILLE NC P&DCLPC301 GREEN ST STE 200FAYETTEVILLENC28301102
GREENSBORO NDCGREENSBORO NC P&DCLPC1120 PLEASANT RIDGE RDGREENSBORONC274988.3
GREENSBORO NDCRALEIGH NC P&DCLPC1 FLORETTA PLRALEIGHNC2767672
GREENSBORO NDCROANOKE VA P&DCLPC419 RUTHERFORD AVE NEROANOKEVA24022104.5
JACKSONVILLE NDCRPDC7415 COMMONWEALTH AVEJACKSONVILLEFL32099
JACKSONVILLE NDCJACKSONVILLE FL P&DCLPC1100 KINGS RDJACKSONVILLEFL322039.8
JACKSONVILLE NDCTALLAHASSE FL P&DCLPC2800 S ADAMS STTALLAHASSEEFL32301160.9
KANSAS CITY NDCRPDC4900 SPEAKER RDKANSAS CITYKS66106
KANSAS CITY NDCKANSAS CITY MO P&DCLPC1700 CLEVELAND AVEKANSAS CITYMO6412110.7
KANSAS CITY NDCSPRINGFIELD MO P&DCLPC500 W CHESTNUT EXPYSPRINGFIELDMO65801173.3
KANSAS CITY NDCWICHITA KS P&DCLPC7117 W HARRY STWICHITAKS67276198
LAS VEGAS NV P&DCLAS VEGAS NV P&DCRPDC/LPC1001 E SUNSET RD RM 1054LAS VEGASNV891990
LAS VEGAS NV P&DCLAS VEGAS NV MPALPC3755 E POST RD STE 110LAS VEGASNV891202.9
LOS ANGELES CA P&DCLOS ANGELES CA P&DCRPDC/LPC7001 S CENTRAL AVELOS ANGELESCA900520
LOS ANGELES NDCRPDC5555 BANDINI BLVDBELL GARDENSCA90201
LOS ANGELES NDCSAN BERNARDINO CA P&DCLPC1900 W REDLANDS BLVDSAN BERNARDINOCA9240363.7
LOS ANGELES NDCSANTA ANA CA P&DCLPC3101 W SUNFLOWER AVESANTA ANACA9279932.4
LOUISVILLE KY P&DCLOUISVILLE KY P&DCRPDC/LPC1420 GARDINER LNLOUISVILLEKY402310
LOUISVILLE KY P&DCEVANSVILLE IN P&DCLPC7100 PETERSBURG RDEVANSVILLEIN47711121.1
LOUISVILLE KY P&DCKNOXVILLE TN P&DCLPC1237 E WEISGARBER RDKNOXVILLETN37950244.2
LOUISVILLE KY P&DCLEXINGTON KY P&DCLPC1088 NANDINO BLVDLEXINGTONKY4051172.2
MARGARET SELLERS CA P&DCMARGARET SELLERS CA P&DCRPDC/LPC11251 RANCHO CARMEL DRSAN DIEGOCA921990
MARGARET SELLERS CA P&DCMORENO VALLEY CA P&DCLPC23800 CACTUS AVEMORENO VALLEYCA9255371
MEMPHIS NDCRPDC1921 ELVIS PRESLEY BLVDMEMPHISTN38136
MEMPHIS NDCLITTLE ROCK AR P&DCLPC4700 E MCCAIN BLVDLITTLE ROCKAR72231134.5
MEMPHIS NDCMEMPHIS TN P&DCLPC555 S B B KING BLVD LBBYMEMPHISTN381015.3
MILWAUKEE WI MPARPDC2201 E COLLEGE AVEOAK CREEKWI53154
MILWAUKEE WI MPAMADISON WI P&DCLPC3902 MILWAUKEE STMADISONWI5371481.7
MILWAUKEE WI MPAMILWAUKEE WI P&DCLPC345 W SAINT PAUL AVEMILWAUKEEWI532039.2
MINN-SAINT PAUL NDCRPDC3165 LEXINGTON AVE SEAGANMN55121
MINN-SAINT PAUL NDCDULUTH MN P&DCLPC2800 W MICHIGAN STDULUTHMN55806156.9
MINN-SAINT PAUL NDCEAU CLAIRE WI P&DFLPC3510 HOGARTH STEAU CLAIREWI5470392.1
MINN-SAINT PAUL NDCMANKATO MN P&DFLPC851 SUMMIT AVEMANKATOMN5600180.2
MINN-SAINT PAUL NDCMINNEAPOLIS MN P&DCLPC100 S 1ST STMINNEAPOLISMN5540114
MINN-SAINT PAUL NDCSAINT CLOUD MN P&DCLPC517 10TH AVE SWAITE PARKMN5638788.6
MINN-SAINT PAUL NDCSAINT PAUL MN P&DCLPC3232 DENMARK AVESAINT PAULMN551210
MONTGOMERY AL P&DCMONTGOMERY AL P&DCRPDC/LPC6701 WINTON BLOUNT BLVDMONTGOMERYAL361190
MONTGOMERY AL P&DCBIRMINGHAM AL P&DCLPC351 24TH ST N RM 210BIRMINGHAMAL3520399.6
MONTGOMERY AL P&DCHUNTSVILLE AL P&DFLPC3408 WALL TRIANA HWYHUNTSVILLEAL35813188.1
MONTGOMERY AL P&DCMOBILE AL P&DCLPC4538 SHIPYARD RDMOBILEAL36675185.5
MONTGOMERY AL P&DCPENSACOLA FL P&DCLPC1400 W JORDAN STPENSACOLAFL32501170
MONTGOMERY AL P&DCGULFPORT MS P&DFLPC10285 CORPORATE DRGULFPORTMS39503240.6
MUSIC CITY TN ANNEXRPDC570 KNIGHT VALLEY DRNASHVILLETN37227
MUSIC CITY TN ANNEXCHATTANOOGA TN P&DCLPC6050 SHALLOWFORD RDCHATTANOOGATN37421136.8
MUSIC CITY TN ANNEXNASHVILLE TN P&DCLPC525 ROYAL PKWYNASHVILLETN37229
N HOUSTON TX P&DCN HOUSTON TX P&DCRPDC/LPC4600 ALDINE BENDER RD RM 224NORTH HOUSTONTX773150
N HOUSTON TX P&DCBEAUMONT TX P&DFLPC5815 WALDEN RDBEAUMONTTX7770786.7
N HOUSTON TX P&DCS. Houston LPCLPC611 HIGHWAY 90 AMISSOURI CITYTX7748929.5
NEW JERSEY NDCRPDC80 COUNTY RDJERSEY CITYNJ07097
NEW JERSEY NDCDVD BLDG NJ P&DCLPC850 NEWARK TPKEKEARNYNJ070994.3
NEW JERSEY NDCMORGAN NY P&DCLPC341 9TH AVE RM A420NEW YORKNY1019922.9
NEW JERSEY NDCNORTHERN NJ METRO P&DCLPC200 INDUSTRIAL AVETETERBORONJ0769911.7
NEW JERSEY NDCWESTCHESTER NY P&DCLPC1000 WESTCHESTER AVEWHITE PLAINSNY1061041.4
OKLAHOMA CITY OK P&DCOKLAHOMA CITY OK P&DCRPDC/LPC4025 W RENO AVEOKLAHOMA CITYOK731250
OKLAHOMA CITY OK P&DCFAYETTEVILLE AR P&DFLPC2300 S CITY LAKE RDFAYETTEVILLEAR72701243
OKLAHOMA CITY OK P&DCTULSA OK P&DCLPC2132 S 91ST EAST AVETULSAOK74141115.8
OMAHA NE P&DCOMAHA NE P&DCRPDC/LPC1124 PACIFIC ST RM 212OMAHANE681080
OMAHA NE P&DCLINCOLN NE P&DFLPC700 R STLINCOLNNE6850159.8
OMAHA NE P&DCSIOUX FALLS SD P&DCLPC4801 N 4TH AVESIOUX FALLSSD57104188.2
PHILADELPHIA NDCRPDC1900 BYBERRY RD STE 1PHILADELPHIAPA19116
PHILADELPHIA NDCDELAWARE DE P&DCLPC147 QUIGLEY BLVDHISTORIC NEW CASTLEDE1972053.5
PHILADELPHIA NDCPHILADELPHIA PA P&DCLPC7500 LINDBERGH BLVDPHILADELPHIAPA1917627.8
PHILADELPHIA NDCSO JERSEY NJ P&DCLPC421 BENIGNO BLVDBELLMAWRNJ0803126.3
PHILADELPHIA NDCTRENTON NJ P&DCLPC680 US HIGHWAY 130TRENTONNJ0865025.1
PITTSBURGH NDCRPDC300 BRUSH CREEK RDWARRENDALEPA15095
PITTSBURGH NDCALTOONA PA P&DCLPC141 PATCHWAY RDDUNCANSVILLEPA16635107.2
PITTSBURGH NDCCHARLESTON WV P&DCLPC1000 CENTRE WAYSOUTH CHARLESTONWV25309248.1
PITTSBURGH NDCJOHNSTOWN PA P&DC-INSHDLPC235 JARI DR RM 109JOHNSTOWNPA1590488.7
PITTSBURGH NDCPITTSBURGH PA P&DCLPC1001 CALIFORNIA AVE RM 2057APITTSBURGHPA15290
PORTLAND OR P&DCPORTLAND OR P&DCRPDC/LPC7007 NE CORNFOOT RDPORTLANDOR972180
PORTLAND OR P&DCEUGENE OR P&DCLPC3148 GATEWAY STSPRINGFIELDOR97475122.7
PORTLAND OR P&DCMEDFORD OR P&DFLPC2195 SAGE RDMEDFORDOR97501286.1
RICHMOND VA P&DCRICHMOND VA P&DCRPDC/LPC5801 TECHNOLOGY BLVDSANDSTONVA231500
RICHMOND VA P&DCNORFOLK VA P&DCLPC600 CHURCH STNORFOLKVA2350189.5
ROCHESTER NY P&DCROCHESTER NY P&DCRPDC/LPC1335 JEFFERSON RDROCHESTERNY146920
ROCHESTER NY P&DCBUFFALO NY P&DCLPC1200 WILLIAM ST RM 201BUFFALONY1424071.3
ROCHESTER NY P&DCSYRACUSE NY P&DCLPC5640 E TAFT RDSYRACUSENY1322088.4
ROYAL PALM FL P&DCRPDC5500 NW 142ND STOPA LOCKAFL33054
ROYAL PALM FL P&DCMIAMI FL P&DCLPC2200 NW 72ND AVE STE 200MIAMIFL3315210.9
SACRAMENTO CA P&DCSACRAMENTO CA P&DCRPDC/LPC3775 INDUSTRIAL BLVDWEST SACRAMENTOCA957990
SACRAMENTO CA P&DCFRESNO CA P&DCLPC1900 E STFRESNOCA93706173
SACRAMENTO CA P&DCREDDING CA P&DFLPC2323 CHURN CREEK RDREDDINGCA96002162
SACRAMENTO CA P&DCRENO NV P&DCLPC2000 VASSAR STRENONV89510140.2
SALT LAKE CITY UT ASFRPDC1960 S INDUSTRIAL RDSALT LAKE CITYUT84199
SALT LAKE CITY UT ASFPROVO UT P&DCLPC936 S 250 EPROVOUT8460644.7
SALT LAKE CITY UT ASFSALT LAKE CITY UT P&DCLPC1760 W 2100 SSALT LAKE CITYUT841992.2
SAN ANTONIO TX P&DCSAN ANTONIO TX P&DCRPDC/LPC10410 PERRIN BEITEL RDSAN ANTONIOTX782840
SAN ANTONIO TX P&DCAUSTIN TX P&DCLPC8225 CROSS PARK DRAUSTINTX7871078.3
SAN ANTONIO TX P&DCCORPUS CHRISTI TX P&DCLPC809 NUECES BAY BLVDCORPUS CHRISTITX78469149.3
SAN ANTONIO TX P&DCMCALLEN TX P&DCLPC620 E PECAN BLVDMCALLENTX78501243.7
SAN FRANCISCO NDCRPDC2501 RYDIN RDRICHMONDCA94850
SAN FRANCISCO NDCEUREKA CA P&DFLPC337 W CLARK STEUREKACA95501266.1
SAN FRANCISCO NDCNORTH BAY CA P&DFLPC1150 N MCDOWELL BLVDPETALUMACA9499938.9
SAN FRANCISCO NDCOAKLAND CA P&DCLPC1675 7TH STOAKLANDCA9461511.6
SAN FRANCISCO NDCSAN FRANCISCO CA P&DCLPC1300 EVANS AVE STE 300PSAN FRANCISCOCA9418816.9
SAN FRANCISCO NDCSAN JOSE CA P&DCLPC1750 LUNDY AVESAN JOSECA9510148.7
SANTA CLARITA CA P&DCRPDC28201 FRANKLIN PKWYSANTA CLARITACA91383
SANTA CLARITA CA P&DCBAKERSFIELD CA P&DCLPC3400 PEGASUS DRBAKERSFIELDCA9338082.6
SANTA CLARITA CA P&DCSANTA BARBARA CA P&DCLPC400 STORKE RDGOLETACA9319983
SANTA CLARITA CA P&DCVAN NUYS CA FSS MAIL PROCESSING ANXLPC15701 SHERMAN WAYVAN NUYSCA9140622.4x
SEATTLE NDCRPDC34301 9TH AVE SFEDERAL WAYWA98003
SEATTLE NDCSEATTLE WA P&DCLPC10700 27TH AVE SSEATTLEWA9816818.7
SEATTLE NDCTACOMA WA P&DCLPC4001 S PINE STTACOMAWA9841312.8
SEATTLE NDCYAKIMA WA P&DFLPC205 W WASHINGTON AVEYAKIMAWA98903152.4
SEMINOLE FL P&DCRPDC2036 E LANDSTREET RDORLANDOFL32824
SEMINOLE FL P&DCMID FLORIDA FL P&DCLPC800 RINEHART RDMID FLORIDAFL3279927.1
SEMINOLE FL P&DCORLANDO FL P&DCLPC10401 POST OFFICE BLVD W FL 1ORLANDOFL328623.4
SEMINOLE FL P&DCWEST PALM BEACH FL P&DCLPC3200 SUMMIT BLVDWEST PALM BEACHFL33416175
SOUTHERN ME P&DCSOUTHERN ME P&DCRPDC/LPC79 POSTAL SERVICE WAYSCARBOROUGHME040740
SOUTHERN ME P&DCEASTERN ME P&DCLPC16 PENOBSCOT MEADOW DRHAMPDENME04444132.3
SPOKANE WA P&DCSPOKANE WA P&DCRPDC/LPC2928 S SPOTTED RDSPOKANEWA992240
SPOKANE WA P&DCMISSOULA MT P&DFLPC1100 W KENT AVEMISSOULAMT59801205.2
SPOKANE WA P&DCWENATCHEE WA P&DFLPC3075 OHME RDWENATCHEEWA98801169.2
SPRINGFIELD NDCRPDC1800 PAGE BLVDSPRINGFIELDMA011520
SPRINGFIELD NDCALBANY NY P&DCLPC30 KARNER RDALBANYNY1228894.8
SPRINGFIELD NDCBURLINGTON VT P&DCLPC8 NEW ENGLAND DR STE 997ESSEX JUNCTIONVT05452208.7
SPRINGFIELD NDCCENTRAL MA P&DCLPC192 MAIN STSHREWSBURYMA0154650.4
SPRINGFIELD NDCHARTFORD CT P&DCLPC141 WESTON STHARTFORDCT0610131.9
SPRINGFIELD NDCWHITE RIVER JUNC VT P&DCLPC195 SYKES MOUNTAIN AVEWHITE RIVER JUNCTIONVT05001119.5
ST LOUIS NDCRPDC5800 PHANTOM DRHAZELWOODMO63042
ST LOUIS NDCCAPE GIRARDEAU MO P&DFLPC475 KELL FARM DRCAPE GIRARDEAUMO63701125.8
ST LOUIS NDCCOLUMBIA MO P&DCLPC11450 S AIRPORT DRCOLUMBIAMO65299120.1
ST LOUIS NDCSPRINGFIELD IL P&DCLPC2105 E COOK STSPRINGFIELDIL62703107.7
ST LOUIS NDCST LOUIS MO P&DCLPC1720 MARKET ST RM 3025SAINT LOUISMO6315522.4
WASHINGTON NDCRPDC9201 EDGEWORTH DRCAPITOL HEIGHTSMD20799
WASHINGTON NDCBALT INC MAIL MD P&DCLPC961 CORPORATE BLVDLINTHICUM HEIGHTSMD2109037.3
WASHINGTON NDCBALTIMORE MD P&DCLPC900 E FAYETTE ST RM 505BALTIMOREMD2123341.1
WASHINGTON NDCCURSEEN-MORRIS DC P&DCLPC900 BRENTWOOD RD NEWASHINGTONDC2001813.9
WASHINGTON NDCDULLES VA P&DCLPC44715 PRENTICE DRDULLESVA2010148.3
WASHINGTON NDCEASTERN SHORE MD P&DCLPC29060 AIRPARK DREASTONMD2160162.5
WASHINGTON NDCNORTHERN VA P&DCLPC8409 ROUTE 29MERRIFIELDVA2208129.7
WASHINGTON NDCSO MARYLAND MD P&DCLPC9201 EDGEWORTH DRCAPITOL HEIGHTSMD207900
WASHINGTON NDCSUBURBAN MD P&DCLPC16501 SHADY GROVE RDGAITHERSBURGMD2089832.7
WEST VALLEY AZ P&DCRPDC620 N 47TH AVEPHOENIXAZ85043
WEST VALLEY AZ P&DCPHOENIX AZ P&DCLPC4949 E VAN BUREN STPHOENIXAZ8502613.1
WEST VALLEY AZ P&DCTUCSON AZ P&DCLPC1501 S CHERRYBELL STRATUCSONAZ85726122.6
YBOR CITY FL P&DCRPDC1801 GRANT STTAMPAFL33605
YBOR CITY FL P&DCFT MYERS FL P&DCLPC14080 JETPORT LOOP RM B-111FORT MYERSFL33913131.4
YBOR CITY FL P&DCMANASOTA FL P&DCLPC850 TALLEVAST RDSARASOTAFL3426045.9
YBOR CITY FL P&DCTAMPA FL P&DCLPC3501 BESSIE COLEMAN BLVD FL 2TAMPAFL336309.5

Mapping RPDC regions and LPC service areas

This map shows the 59 RPDC regions. Hover over the colored box next to the RPDC name and the region will be highlighted. Hover over the map and a pop-up will show the RPDC and LPC. Zoom in and the map will show the LPC for each 3-digit ZIP.

Service Standard Finder, extended version

The two-step Finder shown above can find the service standard, current and proposed, but the materials shared by the Postal Service with the PRC can provide additional information. Here's an extended version of the Finder. The instructions are the same: enter the origin 5-digit ZIP for in the first search box, then enter the OD pair 000-000 for the originating RPDC (oRPDC) and the destination LPC (dLPC).

The Finder will show the proposed service standard for RTO and non-RTO ZIP codes. It will also show the address for the originating post office and the oRPDC and the miles between them. If it's less than 50 miles, it's not subject to the RTO initiative; if it's more than 50 miles, it's an RTO office.

The Finder will also show the path of the mail piece, from oRPDC to dRPDC to LPC. In some cases, these are the same facility. For turnaround mail, the oRPDC and dRPDC are the same, and for co-located LPCs, the dRPDC and dLPC are the same.

The travel time from oRPDC to dLPC determines the service standard for the second let of the network, according to the table above.

Leg 1: Collection to origin processing

Origin ZIP5Post OfficePO AddressRPDCRPDC AddressPO-RPDC MilesRTOOrigin RPDC ZIP3
01001AGAWAM PO600 SUFFIELD ST, AGAWAM, MA 01001SPRINGFIELD NDC1800 PAGE BLVD, SPRINGFIELD, MA 0115211.1NO011

Leg 2: Origin RPDC to destination facility

oZIP3-dZIP3Travel TimeOrigin RPDCDestin. RPDCDestin. LPCCurrent SSNew SS: RTO NONew SS: RTO YES
011-0053 hrs 48 minsSPRINGFIELD NDCBETHPAGE NY P&DCMID-ISLAND NY P&DC223

Leg 1: Collection to origin processing

Origin ZIP5Post OfficePO AddressRPDCRPDC AddressPO-RPDC MilesRTOOrigin RPDC ZIP3
01001AGAWAM PO600 SUFFIELD ST, AGAWAM, MA 01001SPRINGFIELD NDC1800 PAGE BLVD, SPRINGFIELD, MA 0115211.1NO011

Leg 2: Network

oZIP3-dZIP3Travel TimeOrigin RPDCDestin. RPDCDestin. LPCCurrent SSNew SS: RTO NONew SS: RTO YES
011-0053 hrs 48 minsSPRINGFIELD NDCBETHPAGE NY P&DCMID-ISLAND NY P&DC223

Leg 2: Origin RPDC to destination facility

oZIP3-dZIP3Travel TimeOrigin RPDCDestin. RPDCDestin. LPCCurrent SSNew SS: RTO NONew SS: RTO YES
011-0053 hrs 48 minsSPRINGFIELD NDCBETHPAGE NY P&DCMID-ISLAND NY P&DC223

In some cases, a five-digit ZIP code has more than one post office, such as the main post office and a station or branch. In a few cases, one of them is outside the 50-mile radius and subject to RTO, while the other is within 50 miles and not subject to RTO. For example, Shrewsbury, MA 01545 has three offices: the main post office, Turnpike Station, and a carrier annex. The main office and annex are more than 50 miles from the RPDC in Springfield and hence subject to RTO, while Turnpike Station is less than 50 miles and not an RTO office — but it will be treated as such anyway. According to USPS witness Hagenstein's testimony, if one office is outside the 50-mile radius, all offices in the ZIP code will be subject to RTO.

Another issue involves identifying the correct LPC for each of the 900 or so 3-digit ZIPs. The Postal Service has not shared a public list with the PRC on this, so the Finder may be showing an incorrect LPC here and there. One case, as flagged by Don Cheney of the APWU, involves Yakima WA 989. The final Mail Processing Facility Review (MPFR) shows Yakima having some of its operations consolidated with the Spokane RPDC, but on the library reference of RPDCs and LPCs, Yakima is an LPC of the Seattle RPDC. [Update: The USPS subsequently clarified that while parcels went from Yakima to Spokane, it is in fact an LPC of Seattle.]

Exceptions to the plus-1 rule: RTO offices with a 2-day standard

In most cases, the service standard for RTO mail is one day more than non-RTO mail. If the service standard for a non RTO origin is 2 days, it will be 3 days for an RTO office, and so on. There are two exceptions.

The first exception is that the maximum service standard is 5 days, so if the proposed service standard for a non-RTO OD pair is 5 days, the Postal Service will not add an additional day for RTO offices (in other words, 5+1=5). This is a key feature of the proposal, and it allows the Postal Service to say that it is only modifying the standards within the current range and not changing the 1-5 day range itself.

The second exception encompasses about 3,500 origin ZIPs and 2,100 post offices for which the outgoing local mail to some dZIP3 locations will retain a 2-day service standard, rather than shifting to 3-days. That's about 9 percent of the RTO offices. It's not clear yet why they will still have some 2-day mail. The map shows a small 2-day area (in green) for the RTO office in Carthage, Texas. You can use this table to check any 5-digit ZIP. If a ZIP produces no results, there are no exceptions to the plus-1 for the RTO office.

oZIP5PO, STdZIP3CurrentProposed
04401BANGOR, ME04422
04401BANGOR, ME04622
04401BANGOR, ME04722
04401BANGOR, ME04922
04402BANGOR, ME04422
04402BANGOR, ME04622

Making the Finder

Conveying the new service standards to customers is an important part of introducing the changes.

Under the current system, the service standards are based on travel time between one 3-digit ZIP and another. There are about 930 3-digit ZIPs, so when each origin ZIP is paired with every other destination ZIP3, it produces a spreadsheet with over 800,000 OD pairs and their corresponding service standards. The spreadsheet is shared with customers on Postal Pro.

Under the new system, the Postal Service is shifting to what it says is a more “precise” and “granular” approach. Rather than ZIP3 to ZIP3, the new standards will be based on 5-digit ZIP to 5-digit ZIP. There are about 40,000 ZIP codes, so if each were paired with another, it would produce a spreadsheet with 1.6 billion OD pairs. To share that with mailers would have represented a significant challenge.

As it turns out, however, the Postal Service is not pairing each origin 5-digit ZIP with a destination 5-digit ZIP. Instead, it's pairing the origin 5-digit with 3-digit destinations. For 40,000 origin ZIPs and 930 destination ZIP3s, there are 37.7 million OD pairs. That's obviously not as immense as 1.6 billion, but it's still far too many for a normal spreadsheet.

As part of the advisory opinion process, the Postal Service has provided the PRC with a large spreadsheet consisting of these 37.7 million OD pairs and all the service standards, current and proposed, for each market-dominant product. The file (USPS-LR-N2024-1-3) is too large to open using Excel; to access it, one must use special analytic software.

There is, however, another way to think about the new service standards. Every mail piece begins its journey within one of the 59 RPDC regions, and the same standards apply to the entire region, regardless of where it originates. The only reason to consider a 5-digit ZIP for the origin is to determine whether or not it’s subject to the additional day under RTO.

For the network leg of the journey, one need only consider the OD pairs between the 59 origin RPDCs and the 930 destination 3-digit ZIPs (for the 197 LPCs). This requires a spreadsheet of only 55,000 rows — way smaller than the 800,000 OD pairs under the current system and a tiny portion of the 37 million rows in the spreadsheet shared with the PRC.

The Service Standard Finders in this post are based on two spreadsheets. For Leg 1, the spreadsheet combines the list of 33,000 facilities with their RTO determination (USPS-LR-N2024-1-1) and a list of 40,000 ZIP5s extracted from the big Service Standard list (USPS-LR-N2024-1-3). The combined list has 43,000 ZIP5s. That includes about 2,700 duplicate ZIPs for cases where there are two post offices in the same ZIP5.

For Leg 2, the spreadsheet was extracted from the big Service Standard list and then merged with other lists in order to provide the names of the oRPDC, dRPDC, and dLPC. That process may have introduced errors, but the service standard should be correct.

You can find these spreadsheets, as well as others used in this post, on Google Docs here.

— Steve Hutkins

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